Oct. 10, 2023 – After being infected with COVID-19, persons are at much higher risk of developing autoimmune and autoinflammatory connective tissue diseases akin to alopecia, Crohn's disease, psoriasis and vitiligo, based on a latest study.
Vaccination reduces the chance, says the study from South Korea published in JAMA network opened.
The researchers examined information on greater than 350,000 COVID-19 patients between October 2020 and December 2021. They also used a control group of greater than 6.1 million people. The average age in each groups was 52 years. The genders were evenly distributed.
“In particular, certain disease risks showed a positive association with the severity of COVID-19,” the researchers write. “Possible links between COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases… have been suspected because SARS-CoV-2 appears to disrupt self-tolerance and trigger autoimmune reactions via cross-reactivity that can lead to the development of autoimmune diseases.”
COVID-19 patients had a “significantly higher risk” of alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, Crohn's disease and sarcoidosis. CIDRAP from the University of Minnesota reported.
“The risks of alopecia totalis, psoriasis, vitiligo, vasculitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, adult-onset Still's disease, Sjögren's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, and sarcoidosis were associated with increasing severity of COVID-19,” CIDRAP wrote.
The study authors wrote that the outcomes suggest that autoimmune and autoinflammatory connective tissue diseases may occur following COVID-19 infection, highlighting the potential long-term health effects of COVID-19. Long-term treatment should include assessment of such disorders in patients with COVID-19.
Some limitations of the study include the predominantly adult population and the proven fact that the sample consisted entirely of Asians, which limits the generalizability of those results to other ethnic groups and adolescents/children. News Medicine reported. Researchers couldn't determine whether some people were more liable to autoimmunity than others.